Days of Terrorism essays

Long stretches of Terrorism expositions Vicious acts, for example, bombings, deaths, and howdy jacking are referred to be depicted as fear monger activities. Fear mongering is a developing global issue and governments have had little accomplishment to determine issues in which psychological oppression is utilized. September 11, 2001, one of the most significant dates I will recollect for a mind-blowing duration. It was morning similarly as I woke up to prepare for school. I was worn out and didnt realize what was happening. The TV was on and the Chinese news was communicating live inclusion of what is befalling the World Trade Center. The correspondent announced that a few psychological oppressors howdy jacked a plane and collided with the structure. At the point when I initially viewed the updates on this live inclusion, I realized something wasn't right. The Chinese News doesn't as a rule talk about United States news that right off the bat in the program. At the point when I showed up at homeroom, a TV was on communicating a similar news. Now, I got progressively inspired by this subject. Since my first square was social investigations and the educator is my homeroom instructor, she permitted the class to watch the inclusion live. Later during the inclusion, the program declared that anothe r plane have collided with the second pinnacle of the World Trade Center. Soon after the declaration, the chime rang and never contemplated it until the extremely following day when the social examinations educator gave out a few papers from the Times Colonist. Around then, I realized I ought not disregard this occurrence. Many individuals around the globe presumably have tuned into a news channel during that day. As war on psychological oppression progresses forward, I expect numerous individuals will check out the news also. ... <!

Free Essays on Darker Face Of The Earth

Survey: Darker Face of the Earth â€Å"The white force structure more likely than not appeared as widely inclusive as the unyielding will of Zeus,† Rita Dove states in a meeting. This announcement roused another mindfulness, in attempting to grasp the sentiments of those subjugated in the nineteenth century. Having perused Oedipus Rex, and subsequent to seeing the play Darker Face of the Earth, it permitted me to perceive the likenesses and contrasts of incredible white slave proprietors and Greek Gods. Lords of antiquated Greece were seen as being better than people in spite of the fact that they shared a significant number of similar characteristics. This is the equivalent according to slaves and their proprietors. Similarly as the divine beings pick the destiny of the individuals of antiquated Greece, the proprietors pick the destiny of their slaves? The divine beings in Oedipus were brutal in making his destiny similarly the same number of slave proprietors were cruel in molding the destiny of their slaves. The distinction between the amazing white slave proprietors and divine beings are not many. The reality the slave proprietors were mortal and need extraordinary capacities are the main things that set them apart from the divine beings. The topic of Mrs. Dove’s play firmly looked like that of Oedipus Rex, anyway there were a couple of changes. I was disillusioned that the subject of sight and visual impairment was barred. I felt this was a captivating piece of Oedipus Rex that additional extraordinary way of thinking to the content. The strict and allegorical connection among visual perception and knowledge is a topic that can be applied to any ones â€Å"everyday life† I feel that Dove’s work would have been upgraded with the expansion of this topic. There was likewise an adjustment in character in her work. Tiresius was removed and an invoke lady that would prophesize the revile was subbed in his place. The summon lady was magnificent in the play, anyway I feel that the introduction could have profited by a character increasingly like Tiresius. The play was anything but difficult to follow and had the capacity of cognizance without earlier information on... Free Essays on Darker Face Of The Earth Free Essays on Darker Face Of The Earth Audit: Darker Face of the Earth â€Å"The white force structure more likely than not appeared as widely inclusive as the intractable will of Zeus,† Rita Dove states in a meeting. This announcement enlivened another mindfulness, in attempting to understand the sentiments of those subjugated in the nineteenth century. Having perused Oedipus Rex, and subsequent to seeing the play Darker Face of the Earth, it permitted me to perceive the similitudes and contrasts of incredible white slave proprietors and Greek Gods. Divine forces of old Greece were seen as being better than people in spite of the fact that they shared a large number of similar qualities. This is the equivalent comparable to slaves and their proprietors. Similarly as the divine beings pick the destiny of the individuals of old Greece, the proprietors pick the destiny of their slaves? The divine beings in Oedipus were unforgiving in making his destiny similarly the same number of slave proprietors were brutal in forming the destiny of their slaves. The contrast between the incredible white slave proprietors and divine beings are not many. The reality the slave proprietors were mortal and need extraordinary capacities are the main things that set them apart from the divine beings. The subject of Mrs. Dove’s play firmly took after that of Oedipus Rex, anyway there were a couple of changes. I was disillusioned that the topic of sight and visual deficiency was rejected. I felt this was a charming piece of Oedipus Rex that additional incredible way of thinking to the content. The strict and figurative connection among vision and knowledge is a topic that can be applied to any ones â€Å"everyday life† I feel that Dove’s work would have been upgraded with the expansion of this topic. There was additionally an adjustment in character in her work. Tiresius was removed and a summon lady that would prophesize the revile was subbed in his place. The summon lady was great in the play, anyway I feel that the introduction could have profited by a character increasingly like Tiresius. The play was anything but difficult to follow and had the capacity of perception without earlier information on...

Periodontal Disease Is Very Prevalent In The Australian Population Assignment

Periodontal Disease Is Very Prevalent In The Australian Population Assignment Periodontal Disease Is Very Prevalent In The Australian Population â€" Assignment Example > Periodontal DiseaseIntroduction90% of the global population can be affected from prevailing periodontal diseases (Cabanilla, 2009). The easygoing type of periodontal disease, ‘Gingivitis’ is the reason of a bacterial biofilm (dental plaque) which gathers on teeth adjoining to the gums. Though fundamental sustaining constructions of the teeth do not affect by gingivitis and is not contagious. Loss of connective tissue and bone support are the reasons of periodontitis which causes tooth loss in adults. Moreover, inherent and ecological aspects, pathogenic microorganisms in the biofilm, above all smoking, give to the root of these infections. General types of periodontal disease have been connected with unpleasant pregnancy results, heart disease, heart attack; diabetes and pulmonary disease, other than the fundamental associations have not been recognized. Calculating the bacterial biofilm presentation in teeth is the prevention and treatment of this disease and further threaten ing aspects, controlling increasing disease, and repair the lost tooth structure (Darby, 2009). This paper gives a brief overview of periodontal disease and its prevalence in Australian versus European population. Periodontal disease is any inborn or obtained disorder of the tissues adjacent and sustaining the teeth. The causes of this disease are diverse it might be developmental, provocative, painful, neoplastic, inherent, or metabolic origin (Cabanilla, 2009). Yet, the word periodontal disease typically passes on to the ordinary provocative gingivitis chaos and periodontitis caused by biofilm pathogenic microflora or daily dental plaque on the teeth. Gingivitis is highly widespread and can be treated by easy, useful oral hygiene (Aguede, 2008). Even chewing or brushing can send bacteria from gum infections into the bloodstream where they can accumulate on the interior lining of the heart and its valves, with fatal effects if untreated, according to some research (Eggert, 2008). Bacteria can also be inhaled into the lung to cause respiratory diseases such as pneumonia, and studies are also investigating to what extent gum disease is related to chronic bronchitis and emphysema (Armitage, 2005). Scientists also suspect that the bacterial infection could trigger an increase in prostaglandin and other biological fluids to trigger premature labour. These bacteria can also attach to fatty plaque in blood vessels, contributing to clot formation (Armitage, 2005). People with periodontal disease are more prone to experience heart disease (Eggert, 2008). Periodontitis connects with tissues inflammation of teeth leads to supporting connective tissue loss and alveolar bone. Due to periodontitis, soft tissue pockets or intensified gaps between the gums and tooth root are formed. At its highest stage periodontitis can affect teeth structure and teeth become loose, infrequent throbbing and anxiety, damaged mastication, and ultimate tooth loss. Researchers believe smokin g inhibits white blood cells and nicotine shrinks small vessels in the gum tissue, preventing extra blood from getting to the neck of the teeth and under-performing if they do (Darby, 2009). Complicating the issue is that periodontal disease can be painless until it reaches the advanced stages. Quite often, gum disease is silent. It has no symptomDiagnosisGentle gums bleeding during tooth brushing is an outcome of Persistent gingivitis, which takes as only a slight problem if not fundamental bleeding disorders survive. Advanced periodontitis in many people may also have periodic periodontal swellings and halitosis. The medical analysis of chronic periodontal disease is supported on visual and radiographic consideration of the periodontal tissues and on capacity of the gap between the tooth and gum. These gaps are usually 1-3 mm deep, and become deeper with the loss of supporting connective tissue and bone (Borrell, 2005). An absolute clinical assessment, pocket depths and tissue s upport are calculated at different areas approximately every tooth and dental calculus, supragingival periodontal plaque, gingival bleeding, and exudates are measured.

Periodontal Disease Is Very Prevalent In The Australian Population Assignment

Periodontal Disease Is Very Prevalent In The Australian Population Assignment Periodontal Disease Is Very Prevalent In The Australian Population â€" Assignment Example > Periodontal DiseaseIntroduction90% of the global population can be affected from prevailing periodontal diseases (Cabanilla, 2009). The easygoing type of periodontal disease, ‘Gingivitis’ is the reason of a bacterial biofilm (dental plaque) which gathers on teeth adjoining to the gums. Though fundamental sustaining constructions of the teeth do not affect by gingivitis and is not contagious. Loss of connective tissue and bone support are the reasons of periodontitis which causes tooth loss in adults. Moreover, inherent and ecological aspects, pathogenic microorganisms in the biofilm, above all smoking, give to the root of these infections. General types of periodontal disease have been connected with unpleasant pregnancy results, heart disease, heart attack; diabetes and pulmonary disease, other than the fundamental associations have not been recognized. Calculating the bacterial biofilm presentation in teeth is the prevention and treatment of this disease and further threaten ing aspects, controlling increasing disease, and repair the lost tooth structure (Darby, 2009). This paper gives a brief overview of periodontal disease and its prevalence in Australian versus European population. Periodontal disease is any inborn or obtained disorder of the tissues adjacent and sustaining the teeth. The causes of this disease are diverse it might be developmental, provocative, painful, neoplastic, inherent, or metabolic origin (Cabanilla, 2009). Yet, the word periodontal disease typically passes on to the ordinary provocative gingivitis chaos and periodontitis caused by biofilm pathogenic microflora or daily dental plaque on the teeth. Gingivitis is highly widespread and can be treated by easy, useful oral hygiene (Aguede, 2008). Even chewing or brushing can send bacteria from gum infections into the bloodstream where they can accumulate on the interior lining of the heart and its valves, with fatal effects if untreated, according to some research (Eggert, 2008). Bacteria can also be inhaled into the lung to cause respiratory diseases such as pneumonia, and studies are also investigating to what extent gum disease is related to chronic bronchitis and emphysema (Armitage, 2005). Scientists also suspect that the bacterial infection could trigger an increase in prostaglandin and other biological fluids to trigger premature labour. These bacteria can also attach to fatty plaque in blood vessels, contributing to clot formation (Armitage, 2005). People with periodontal disease are more prone to experience heart disease (Eggert, 2008). Periodontitis connects with tissues inflammation of teeth leads to supporting connective tissue loss and alveolar bone. Due to periodontitis, soft tissue pockets or intensified gaps between the gums and tooth root are formed. At its highest stage periodontitis can affect teeth structure and teeth become loose, infrequent throbbing and anxiety, damaged mastication, and ultimate tooth loss. Researchers believe smokin g inhibits white blood cells and nicotine shrinks small vessels in the gum tissue, preventing extra blood from getting to the neck of the teeth and under-performing if they do (Darby, 2009). Complicating the issue is that periodontal disease can be painless until it reaches the advanced stages. Quite often, gum disease is silent. It has no symptomDiagnosisGentle gums bleeding during tooth brushing is an outcome of Persistent gingivitis, which takes as only a slight problem if not fundamental bleeding disorders survive. Advanced periodontitis in many people may also have periodic periodontal swellings and halitosis. The medical analysis of chronic periodontal disease is supported on visual and radiographic consideration of the periodontal tissues and on capacity of the gap between the tooth and gum. These gaps are usually 1-3 mm deep, and become deeper with the loss of supporting connective tissue and bone (Borrell, 2005). An absolute clinical assessment, pocket depths and tissue s upport are calculated at different areas approximately every tooth and dental calculus, supragingival periodontal plaque, gingival bleeding, and exudates are measured.

Analysis Of Oedipus The King - 1696 Words

DaKan Wei Professor Annjeanette Wiese HUMN 1110 1 October 2014 Fatalism in Oedipus the King Tragedy has always been considered the highest form of literature; Oedipus the King is written by Sophocles who is one of the three ancient Greek tragedians, it fully represents the enduring charm of the ancient Greek tragedy, leaving the reader endless thinking. Through Oedipus’ misfortune, Sophocles tries to reveal the cause of their tragedy is ubiquitous and ever-present fate, rather than people themselves, dominates that people’s destiny. This essay aims to analyze the characteristics and the root causes of Oedipus’s misery to discover the fatalism the playwright want to state. To investigate the characteristics and the root causes of the tragedy Oedipus is beneficial for us to have more in-depth, objective insight to ancient Greek culture and understand the essence of tragedy correctly, leads us to think of the ultimate fate of life. In the face of powerful forces of fate, humans are too weak. In spite of this, human never stop s truggling with limited strength, challenging fate in their ways. The fate of Oedipus is unique, terrifying. But Sophocles grants this tragic hero some representativeness. Like other heroes in ancient Greek mythology, Oedipus is of high birth. The distinction is that, although he is the offspring of God, but he is already a human hero. Sophocles shows his full appreciation to Oedipus by giving him extraordinary wisdom, resoluteShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Oedipus The King 1127 Words   |  5 Pages For A Life Of Regrets Oedipus the King is a play written by Sophocles. Oedipus is the main figure and legend of Sophocles play. After Oedipus birth into the world, his father King Laius of Thebes heard from a prophet that his own child was destined to kill him. Sophocles play begins from past to present and starts to unravel the journeys Oedipus goes through. Oedipus isn t an evil character as one would think while reading the story. He neverRead MoreAnalysis Of Oedipus Oedipus The King 1152 Words   |  5 Pagesreading Oedipus the King. The number of times the words â€Å"see† or â€Å"blind† are in the play make it make it undeniably obvious that they are significant. The theme is developed throughout the dialogue, through characters such as Tiresias and Oedipus, and also directly in the irony of the play. It is important in a play about the truth because almost every character was â€Å"blind† to the truth. All of the characters, except one, can physically see, bu t mentally cannot see the truth. Oedipus seems toRead MoreCritical Analysis Of Oedipus The King1025 Words   |  5 PagesCritical Analysis: Oedipus the King Oedipus the King is a tragic play showing a shift from the belief of fate to freedom of choice. Therefore, Oedipus the king is a great example of those who run from fate ends up fulfilling their fate After reading this type of tragic play â€Å"Oedipus the King† written by Sophocles you can see that the author did a very outstanding form of presenting a tragedy that has the characteristics of mimesis and a tragic hero. Specifically, the writer written the playRead MoreOedipus the King Character Analysis1321 Words   |  6 PagesLancaster ENG230 11/25/2010 Oedipus the King Character Analysis Oedipus the King had accomplished many great things during his reign of Thebes and in his life time. Oedipus found out during his reign in Thebes that the Gods who loved him also knew his devastating fate. As a young man when Oedipus answered the riddle the Sphinx he soon found his self having everything want and need. He earned his spot as the new King of Thebes, he had a great wife and lovely set of childrenRead MoreAnalysis Essay: Oedipus the King1017 Words   |  4 Pages Casual Analysis Essay: Oedipus the King Sophocles play Oedipus the King has endured for over two thousand years. The plays lasting appeal may be attributed to the fact it encompasses all the classical elements of tragedy as put forth by Aristotle in Poetics nearly a century before it was written. According to Aristotle, tragedy needs to be an imitation of life according to the law of probability or necessity. Tragedy is serious, complete, and has magnitude. It must have a beginning, middleRead MoreOedipus The King Character Analysis1429 Words   |  6 Pages Mrs. Long-Goldberg Honors World Lit/Comp 26 September, 2017 Ignorance Can Lead to Great Agony Plays were of great importance in early Greek culture. Plays were the main source of entertainment, and one of the most prominent examples is Oedipus the King written by Sophocles. The drama is uplifted by the character development and excellent structure Sophocles has put forward. Interactions between characters and each character’s motivations generate brilliant themes throughout the play. SophoclesRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Oedipus The King1419 Words   |  6 PagesAdhikari Mrs. Long-Goldberg Honors World Lit/Comp 26 September, 2017 Ignorance Can Lead to Great Agony Plays were of great importance in early Greek culture. Plays were the main source of entertainment, and one of the most prominent examples is Oedipus the King written by Sophocles. The drama is uplifted by the character development and excellent structure Sophocles has put forward. Interactions between characters and each character’s motivations generate brilliant themes throughout the play. SophoclesRead MoreOedipus The King Analysis1357 Words   |  6 PagesThe Greek play, Oedipus the King, shows how easy it is for a man to fall apart, while trying to make things right. Sophocles’ tragedy tells the story of Oedipus, a regular man turned king of Thebes. Throughout the tragedy, Oedipus searches for the cause of the chaos and havoc encompassing his land; however, he discovers that he is the one responsible for the hardships plaguing Thebes. As the tragedy continues, Sophocles’ exposes a dark side to power, fame, and ambition. Further, Sophocles’ expose sRead MoreAnalysis Of Oedipus The King1145 Words   |  5 PagesOedipus goes against the Chorus as he strongly defends himself as the people intensify his incrimination of killing the old king. Oedipus could not believe in his wildest dreams that he murdered his own father and was the husband of his mother. As an adopted runaway boy and a newfound king, he had to dig deep in his past to ease his burden. The Chorus’ incrimination of the King has brought the town into a downward spiral due to finding the real truth of the blind prophet. The relevance of Oedipus’Read MoreMovie Analysis : Oedipus The King 1810 Words   |  8 Pagesthemselves to emote and have their negative emotions be lifted. Oedipus The King s main pathway to catharsis is the role of the Chorus; in this particular tragedy, the Chorus s biggest role is to serve as an emotional bridge between the characters and the audience, for they constantly recap what has happened in the plot using graphic language and reflect on Greek Mythology as they suffer along with the other characters. As Oedipus slowly learns that his prophecy has come true, the Chorus attempts

Korean American Immigrants Essay - 2409 Words

Korean American Immigrants Before the World War II era, the smallest Asian community to settle in the United States of America was the Korean American community. Between 1903 and 1905, immigration records show some seven thousand Koreans migrated to Hawaii. Hawaii had been annexed to the United States in 1898 and organized as a territory in 1900 A fraction of those immigrants came to the mainland. After 1905, sizable. Korean emigration was all but stopped by Japanese overlords. Tens of thousands of Koreans then went or were brought to Japan, but their descendants are still not granted citizenship and other human rights. The early Korean American community differed from the other Asian†¦show more content†¦It was early afternoon in New York, high noon on the West Coast, and four oclock in the morning in faraway Korea. The summer monsoons had just begun, and heavy rains were falling, when the North Korean army of seventy thousand men, forty miles of big guns, and Russian T34 tanks crossed the thirty-eighth parallel. Sheet after sheet of flames erupted, and North Korean planes filled the air toward Seoul, less than fifty miles away. As General MacArthur would later state, North Korea struck like a cobra that wet morning of June 25, 1950. The Korean Peoples Army(KPA) and the North Korean Army captured Seoul on Wednesday, June 29th, 1950. Russian diplomats had been boycotting the United Nations Security Council meetings, because the United Nations had not admitted Red China. Because of that boycott, President Harry Truman was successful in his appeal to the United Nations for police action. For the first time in history, on Sunday, July 3, l950, an international organization voted to intervene against aggression.(The Glory and the Dream William Manchester, pages 532, 533, 535) American ground forces successfully landed on Inchon September 15, 1950, and the United Nations forces began to gain the offensive. They retook Seoul, crossed the thirty-eighth parallel and broke through the Pusan perimeter by September 30th. KPA forces beganShow MoreRelatedEssay on Korean Immigrants to America1036 Words   |  5 PagesKorean Immigrants to America On January 13, 1903, the first Korean Immigrants set foot in Hawaii. There were eighty six people on that first voyage, and since then there have been over 550,000 Koreans who have made the journey to the United States over the past 100 years. The original immigrants and their descendants now total over 1.6 million. Korean Americans make up one of the most prominent Asian communities in the United States. Many elementsRead MoreThe United States And Korean Immigration History1656 Words   |  7 Pagesfounded on immigrants. People immigrated to America for a chance to escape the oppressive states of their own lands as well as boundless opportunity. Some of the first immigrants from Korea to the United States came in the late 1800s and early 1900s. Seo Jae-pil or Phillip Jaisohn came to America in 1884. He became a citizen in 1890 and strove to educate fellow Koreans and Americans in democracy and freedom throughout his life. Another immigrant and prominent figure in the Korean imm igrant communityRead MoreThe Los Angeles Riots Of 19921524 Words   |  7 Pagespoor, the immigrants and natives, and majority and minority produced an atmosphere of fear, distrust, and hopelessness. Due to the struggle to gain power by racial and ethnic groups, the aftermath of the Los Angeles riots was clouded with racial and ethnical conflicts. However, the riots did increase racial awareness for Korean Americans between the different ethnicities. Dialogue was opened between people, whom prior to the riot, did not interact with each other. Even so, African American, LatinoRead MoreThe Rate Of The Foreign Born Population1607 Words   |  7 Pagesthe 1970s, numbers have increased from 9.6 million foreign born immigrants, to more than 40 million foreign born immigrants in 2013 (Pew Research Center, 2015, p. 65). Another change also shows the variating demographics of the immigrants. In the 60s and 70s, many of the immigrants came across from Europe, whereas in 2013, most were fr om either Latin America, or South or East Asia. In addition to this, fifty percent of U.S. immigrants label themselves as speaking English â€Å"less than very well,† withRead MoreEssay On L. A Riots Of 19921372 Words   |  6 PagesThe L.A. Riots Of 1992: My Thoughts and Perspectives The L.A. Riots is one of the massive riots in american history. The riots were caused by the injustice beating of Rodney King by four officers. To put it in perspective, the riots happened because of racism by jury and officers. I watched a sundance film trailer about the L.A. Riots and how koreans were affected by the riots. After watching the trailer, I decided to do research and I learned about the deep details of how the riots happened. TheRead MoreAsian Americans And Asian American Populations1783 Words   |  8 PagesAsian Americans have been migrating to the United States since the 1850’s. The Chinese came over first and decades later, the Japanese, Koreans, and Filipinos followed. All of these Asian American populations faced discrimination, racial hostility, inequality, deportation, and possible death. They paved the way for other Asian American populations wanting to make better lives for themselves and for their families. Today, we have twenty Asian American populations living in the United States. TheRead MoreWritten by Margaret K. Pai, the Dreams of Two Yi-min narrates the story of her Korean American700 Words   |  3 PagesWritten by Margaret K. Pai, the Dreams of Two Yi-min narrates the story of her Korean American family with the main focus on the life journeys of her father and mother, Do In Kwon and Hee Kyung Lee. Much like the majority of the pre-World War II immigrants, the author’s family is marked and characterized by the common perception of the â€Å"typical† Asian immigrant status in the early 20th century: low class, lack of English speaking ability, lack of transferable education and skills, and lack of knowledgeRead MoreA Short Note On The Mexican Fusion Food1780 Words   |  8 Pagesimmigration of Koreans to the Mid-Wilshire area and began opening businesses. Many of the businesses include Korean food restaurants, which have become very popular recently (10). Despit e the name of the neighborhood the community is widely complex and impacts areas outside their boundaries. Korean food has become one of the many elements that have influenced the surrounding areas (2). Koreatown once catered to the Korean community yet as a result of the growing Latino community Korean business ownersRead MoreThe Harmful Myth Of Asian Superiority983 Words   |  4 PagesAll Asian Americans are good at math, or at least that’s what I heard. They are also good at anything involving technology, science, and medicine. They study all the time, work really hard and live a version of the American dream I never thought to dream of. Afterall they’re Asian, their parents wouldn’t allow for anything less. In his article â€Å"The Harmful Myth of Asian Superiority† the ethnic studies expert Ronald Takaki writes about the idea that Asian Americans are more successful than other AmericanRead MoreWho Is An Asian American?1566 Words   |  7 PagesWh o is an Asian American? The name â€Å"Asian American† holds different meaning to people. According to Tamura (2003), â€Å"Asian American is a relatively recent term that was first used by non-Asians and then adopted by Asian American themselves during the late 1960s in the heyday of ethnic and political activism† [†¦] (Tamura, 2003). The simplest definition of an Asian American is an American with an Asiatic background. Therefore, making assumptions about an Asian would be absurd because the term is broad

Job Redesign For Expanded Him Functions - 858 Words

This week we were asked four questions about the article by Elizabeth Layman (published in 2011) on â€Å"Job Redesign for Expanded HIM Functions.† I will tackle each of these in the order they were given us. How are the principles of goal setting applied in this case? First let’s start by defining what we mean by â€Å"goal setting.† What we mean when we mention â€Å"goal setting† is setting an effective SMART goal. And what is a â€Å"SMART† goal? It can be defined as: speciï ¬ c; measurable; achievable; realistic; and timely. Let’s go back to our first question, how does this apply to the â€Å"Job Redesign for Expanded HIM Functions† article? Goal setting applies to this in so much as the various departments have to set goals to affect the change they desire within their sectors†¦Such as new programs to make their employees â€Å"work smarter† or more efficient. The second question we were asked this week is: â€Å"how are the principles of job enrichment applied in this case?† Again, let’s define what job enrichment is; it is: â€Å"a job redesign technique that allows workers more control over how they perform their own tasks, giving them more responsibility.† The way this is applied in this case is that by giving each worker a more autonomy over how they approach their task there will be less sloppiness as well as monotony on the job†¦Theoretically speaking at any rate; because just as there is the potential for those positives, there is also the possibility or the reverse happening†¦As well as otherShow MoreRelatedOutline Of An Article On Job Redesign And The Redesign Of Expanded Him Functions878 Words   |  4 PagesMotivational Theories Explained Article on HIM Departments I read an article on job redesign, and the redesign of expanded HIM functions. As we are all aware, there have been several advancements in recent years in technology and healthcare. Together, they can be powerful, and separate they can become old, and outdated. Job classifications also become outdated. The way medical records are filed is not the same as they used to be. The doctor doesn’t come to your room with a big chart binderRead MoreCase Study : Job Redesign For Expanded Him Functions833 Words   |  4 Pages After reading the case study, Job Redesign for Expanded HIM Functions, I have decided to analyze a little bit from it. I will be studying the different principles and how they are applied to the case. I will also speak a little bit about the outcomes and even the impact that it had in various departments. This article is about HIM functions which is Health Information Services. The Health Information Services system allows for health records to be electronic. You willRead MoreCase Study : Job Redesign For Expanded Him Functions856 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis Of Case Study By Elizabeth Layman (2011), Job Redesign For Expanded HIM Functions. The principal of the goal setting applied in this case is implicated new changes to employees by working smarter and reducing the stress overload on a daily basis. Changing the nature of it employee work environment. Introducing culture, policies, procedures, technology and the volume of task and the type of task an employee preforms. Another goal setting is for managers and directors may use indicators asRead MoreThe Impact Of Job Enrichment On Motivation And Communication952 Words   |  4 Pagesof goal setting, principles of job enrichment, outcomes of job enrichment and the impact of job enrichment on motivation and communication, will all be discussed as they pertain to the case study written by Layman titled, Job Redesign for Expanded HIM functions. The principles of goal setting are applied in this case in four stages, re-engineering, restructuring, work redesign and job redesign. Re-engineering focuses on systems and helping them to move and function as smoothly as possible. RestructuringRead MoreThe Principles Of Goal Setting994 Words   |  4 Pagesare the principles of job enrichment applied in this case?†, in this case they are making progress to enrich the job itself and the employee’s perspective on the job. They are enriching it by making a plan on how to fix every solution. For example, since they had a problem with boredom, careless errors, low morale, and tardiness they made a solution which was to introduce variety and decrease specialization. The way they would do this is by job enlargement, job rotation, and job enrichment. They alsoRead MoreThe Practical Implementation Of Motivation Theory Essay910 Words   |  4 PagesJOB AND WORK REDESIGN INTRODUCTION To assist in the practical implementation of motivation theory, we will assess the benefits of job and work redesign in relation to goal setting. As a department manager we must be aware of the gradual changes that occur in job tasks and the incremental addition of new tasks that might trigger a need for redesign. The issues that arise from these changes can be addressed by applying the principles of job and work redesign in relation to the goals of the departmentRead MoreJob Enrichment And An Organization934 Words   |  4 PagesJob enrichment can be defined as the process by which jobs are redesigned for workers so that they can be in control of their duties and also perform more tasks to develop personal skills. An important aspect of job enrichment is job redesign and it deals with the modification of the tasks assigned to workers in an organization. The case study that will be analyzed for Job enrichment theory in this paper is the expanded HIM functions. In order to fully employ Job enrichment in an organization,Read MoreAnalysis Of Elizabeth Grammar On Job Redesign1064 Words   |  5 PagesRunning head: JOB ENRICHMENT 1 Analysis of Case Study by Elizabeth Layman on Job Redesign University of the People JOB ENRICHMENT 2 Introduction Job design is a tool meant to work as motivator for employees. It is meant to increase job satisfaction and commitment. By the same token, it is meant to decrease turnover and absenteeism (Carpenter, M., Taylor, B., Erdogan, B., 2009). Elizabeth Layman offers a broader perspective on how job redesign changed the working environment in the Health InformationRead MoreImproving The Organizational Structure Of A Job Redesign816 Words   |  4 Pagesworking smarter is an alternative to work overload by implementing a job redesign or also known as job enrichment. The following questions are answered below. How are the principles of goal setting applied in this case? For the HIS Department, the goal is job redesign, in order to comply with the high demand of converting paper charts to electronic records. The goals are to re-engineer, restructure, work redesign and job redesign the entire organization. Re-engineering is when leaders examines carefullyRead MoreJob Design Technique Managers Use1143 Words   |  5 PagesThe way jobs are designed has a significant bearing on how well a worker performs that job and how satisfied they are with what they are doing. Job design is an important decision that managers and supervisors must make when formulating the organizational design of their company or firm. One job design technique managers use is job enrichment. Job enrichment is defined as being â€Å"a job redesign technique that allows workers more control over how they perform their own tasks, giving them more responsibility†

Sugar Tax Economic Consequences And Effectiveness

Question: Discuss about the Sugar Tax Economic Consequences and Effectiveness. Answer: Introduction Sugar drinks consumption has adverse effects on the consumers, and it has posed a challenge for the government to intervene. According to Pettinger (2015), interesting economic arguments are raised on the debate on whether or not to impose a tax on drinks that are sugary. Firstly, optimal allocation of resources is what economics tries to achieve, but this is not always achieved in the free market. The governments role is to reduce the effects caused by externalities (negative externalities). Consumers are made to pay the full social cost by the government intervention in raising taxes. The impact of a higher tax on sugar is that it will raise the cost of producing sugary foods and drinks (Cornelsen et al., 2014). The demand for the sugary foods and drinks will fall since the producers will be forced to charge higher prices for these products. The increment in tax will result in the government raising huge sums of revenues since Australias consumption of soft drink is high (O'Neill, 2016). Consumption will be at the socially efficient level. In the real sense, major health issues will be reduced as a result of the sugar tax imposition. These health issues include; diabetes, tooth decay, and obesity (Brownell et al., 2009 and Branca, Nikogosian and Lobstein, 2007)). The government should use the revenues raised after the sugar tax imposition to deal with diabetes and disease. Sugar Tax Arguments External costs High external costs are imposed on the society from the overconsumption of sugary foods and drinks (O'Neill, 2016). This major problems are caused by the sugar overconsumption and they include; type II diabetes, obesity, and illnesses related to obesity (O'Connor, Imamura and Forouhi, 2014 and Reuters, 2015)) e.g. heart disease, back pains, etc., and tooth decay which mostly affects the younger people. The national health services are offered at very high costs which reflects the external costs. There are adverse effects of work and productivity as a result of poor health. Therefore, the consumption of sugar has a higher social cost than the private sugar cost (Cornelsen et al., 2014). Fig: The Effects of Imposing a Tax on Sugar The diagram above shows how the equilibrium quantity consumed, and the equilibrium prices change as a result of sugar tax imposition. Initially, the equilibrium quantity and prices were at Q1 and P1 respectively. At this point, the Private Marginal Benefits (PMB) and the Private Marginal Costs (PMC) are equal. The tax imposition causes the price of the products to rise from P1 to price P2. At price P2, consumers are not willing to purchase quantity Q1, possibly due to budget constraints (Snowdon, 2015). They are therefore forced to lower their consumption from Q1 to quantity Q2. This results in a new equilibrium at the new point where the Social Marginal Benefit (SMB) and the Social Marginal Cost (SMC) are equal. Q2 is the socially efficient level. The major goal of this research is to discourage sugar consumption by raising the price level. Sugar as a Demerit Good Sugary drinks can be classified as demerit goods in addition to the external costs (Pettinger, 2015). The personal costs associated with the consumption of sugar could be unknown to the users (Griffith et al., 2016). Alternatively, the consumers may be aware of the negative effects of sugar consumption but struggle to stop or lower its consumption since it is addictive. Furthermore, mood swings can be caused by a sugar hit. Energy and endurance rise after the consumption of sugar but falls after it wears out of the body. The insulin produced by the body to sugar surge is only boosted through the intake of more sugar. There is information failure that blinds people on the level of sugar consumption (Reuters, 2015). On average the consumers take many teaspoons of sugar, in addition, they take soft drinks without the awareness of the sugar present in such drinks (Brownell et al., 2009). The option of making informed decisions is in that case disregarded. Some don't know the harmful effe cts of sugar overconsumption. A huge amount of revenue could be raised if there was an increase in sugar tax (Trujillo, Jez and Lascher, n.d.). The additional revenue could be used in the reduction of other taxes, or it can be used in solving the alarming problems associated with sugar overconsumption. The earmarking on spending the funds raise on solving the resulting problems would not create significant issues on the side of the consumers as they will view this to be a fair practice. They will have the perception that the tax raised is used for the right purpose. Shifting Supply and Consumption If suppliers are more responsible and considerate, they can be used in controlling the overconsumption. This is following the fact that supply is said to create its demand. In many fast food restaurants, they have excessively promoted sugary drinks. If there were an incentive to promote healthy drinks that have low sugar levels, the customers would still purchase these products. For instance, if you are given soda, you take soda, but you were given water and not the soda, you would still take water. Suppliers always wish to supply at higher prices. Since the imposition of tax raises the price of soft drinks, suppliers will wish to supply more. But since the consumers have other drinks they can use as substitutes for sugar, their price elasticity of demand is high. If the consumers demand less of the products, supply will be low, and the consumers will carry the whole tax burden (Griffith et al., 2016). To avoid this, the suppliers may introduce some products that are healthier (Marron, Gearing and Iselin, 2015), or rather low-quality drinks at lower prices which may have negative health impacts on the consumers. Sugar Tax and the Low Income Earners For the low-income earners, sugar tax is unfair and cannot be effective. This is because it is regressive; low-income earners lose a high proportion of their income to the increased tax (Marron, Gearing and Iselin, 2015). These people can avoid the tax only if they are price sensitive since they can switch to non-sugary drinks (Snowdon, 2015). If these people are addicted to sugar, there will be a loss in the social welfare since more of their income which could be used in purchasing other products is not used in buying sugar. A sugar tax will greatly hurt the sugar producing companies. This argument is based on the fact that, there are so many alternatives that can be used for sugary products. Thus, the companys sales will fall as a result of the increased prices. The company may not, therefore, be able to pass some proportion of the tax to the consumers. This means that it will carry the increased tax burden alone. Government Influence on the Peoples Habits of Drinking and Eating. Some people argue that it is not just for the government to make decisions that influence consumer patterns consequently changing their lifestyle. They, therefore, argue against a sugar tax. The low-income earner may consider a sugar tax to be an unfair practice since the price charged on the sale of sugar will be equal to everyone irrespective of their earnings. The primary role of government in achieving an income distribution would not be achieved in this case. The sugar consumption associated diseases are commonly extreme among the rich consumers. There are other methods other than the tax that the government can use in lowering sugar consumption. For instance, it can ban advertising of sugary products as it influences the consumption by young people (Brownell et al., 2009). The tax on sugar cannot be compared to tax on products such as alcohol, cigarettes, carbon tax, pollution, and petrol. This is because sugar somehow tends to be a basic need. Tax on a basic need may raise more revenue since the products have to be purchased, but it may have some economic and social consequences. The low income-earners can do away with alcohol and cigarettes; they pose less pollution to the environment, so a tax on such products will transfer wealth from the rich to the poor who may not be affected. The only low-income earners that can be affected by alcohol and cigarettes tax are on those with addictions. Conclusion A sugar tax will be detrimental to the economic status of the low-income households. Considering the fact that diseases associated with overconsumption of sugar are mostly affecting the rich people, much of the benefits from the imposed tax will flow to the rich. Therefore, it can be concluded that the sugar tax is not a fair practice even if the government promises to use the additional tax to curb health issues that results. A sugar tax is therefore not consistent with the governments goal of the income distribution. It is therefore not ethical for the government to impose taxes that influence the human behavior to its advantage of raising more revenue to cater for its health obligations. Even if it doesnt impose a tax on sugar, it is its role to ensure that other means are used in raising capital for the same. Recommendations The sugar tax would only be successful in some classes in the economy. Though some may feel that it is helpful to the economy, for others it poses some form of financial constraints. Sugar has addictive qualities, and some people cannot take drinks that are non-sugary with the presence of a sugary one. This will have negative impacts on the producing company. The government should consider such impacts before making any decision to impose a tax on such a product. Sugar tax has to be imposed together with other policies to be effective. References Branca, F., Nikogosian, H. and Lobstein, T. (2007). The challenge of obesity in the WHO European Region and the strategies for response. Copenhagen, Denmark: WHO Regional Office for Europe. Brownell, K., Farley, T., Willett, W., Popkin, B., Chaloupka, F., Thompson, J. and Ludwig, D. (2009). The Public Health and Economic Benefits of Taxing Sugar-Sweetened Beverages NEJM. [Online] New England Journal of Medicine. Available at: https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMhpr0905723#t=article [Accessed 7 Sep. 2016]. Cornelsen, L., Green, R., Dangour, A. and Smith, R. (2014). Why fat taxes won't make us thin. Journal of Public Health, [online] p.fdu032. Available at: https://jpubhealth.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2014/05/21/pubmed.fdu032.full [Accessed 8 Sep. 2016]. Griffith, R., Lhrmann, M., OConnell, M. and Smith, K. (2016). Using taxation to reduce sugar consumption. [Online] ifs.org.uk. Available at: https://www.ifs.org.uk/uploads/publications/bns/BN180.pdf [Accessed 7 Sep. 2016]. Marron, D., Gearing, M. and Iselin, J. (2015). Should We Tax Unhealthy Foods And Drinks? [Online] taxpolicycenter.org. Available at: https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/sites/default/files/alfresco/publication-pdfs/2000553-Should-We-Tax-Unhealthy-Foods-and-Drinks.pdf [Accessed 7 Sep. 2016]. O'Connor, L., Imamura, F. and Forouhi, N. (2014). Sugar-sweetened beverages and Type 2 diabetes: will a reduction in consumption reduce the risk of developing diabetes? Diabetes Management, 4(4), pp.311-314. O'Neill, L. (2016). Could a sugary drinks tax improve Australian diets? [Online] The University of Sydney. Available at: https://sydney.edu.au/news-opinion/news/2016/03/18/could-a-sugary-drinks-tax-improve-australian-diets-.html [Accessed 7 Sep. 2016]. Pettinger, T. (2015). Sugar tax debate | Economics Help. [Online] Economicshelp.org. Available at: https://www.economicshelp.org/blog/14884/economics/sugar-tax-debate/ [Accessed 6 Sep. 2016]. Reuters, T. (2015). Curbing the Consumption of Soft Drinks in New Zealand: Is Tax the Solution? [Online] Insider.thomsonreuters.co.nz. Available at: https://insider.thomsonreuters.co.nz/2015/11/curbing-the-consumption-of-soft-drinks-in-new-zealand-is-tax-the-solution/ [Accessed 8 Sep. 2016]. Snowdon, C. (2015). The Ineffectiveness of Food and Soft Drink Taxes. [Online] Cato Unbound. Available at: https://www.cato-unbound.org/2015/01/12/christopher-snowdon/ineffectiveness-food-soft-drink-taxes [Accessed 8 Sep. 2016]. Trujillo, A., Jez, S. and Lascher, E. (n.d.). An excise tax on sugar-sweetened drinks as health policy.

Serial Killer Mind Essays - Necrophiles, Murder, Ted Bundy

Serial Killer Mind In the last three decades the USA has been troubled by an approaching problem, the serial killer. A serial killer is a person who kills a number of people, usually considered over five, with a cooling off period between each murder, usually one murder at one given time). Two murders at one time occasionally happen and these murders may go on for a period of months or years until the killer is caught. Throughout the last three decades the US serial killer rate has risen 94% and it is estimated that by the next millennium it will claim an average of 11 lives a day. Serial Murder is an epidemic; there are at least 35 serial killers active in the USA today who claim one third of the annual murder rate. The USA has 6% of the world's population yet it has three quarters of all serial killers. Not only are serial killers appearing in more numbers in the US but also all over the world countries are terrorized by serial killers, which are appearing in more numbers year and year after. KILLER TRAIT: A serial killer is a typical white male, 20-30, and most of them are usually in the USA. Their main motives are sex (even though the act of sex may or may not take place), power, manipulation, domination and control. The sex motive is usually rape for an organized killer and sadism for a disorganized killer. They act in a series of 5 or more murders with a cooling off period between each murder. Serial killers can go on for months and years before they are usually caught. The victim is usually the same for every killer - prostitute, hitchhiker etc. Their victims may also have the same or similar attributes in gender, age, race, general look, residence etc. Serial killers also stick by their modus operandi very closely and may change it with experience. Most murders occur by strangulation, suffocation, stabbing etc. Serial killers act by a sex-murder fantasy based with their control, they usually live in this dream world in their teens until they act it out for real when they get into the adult stage. As each murder occurs a serial killer may be disappointed by his murder fantasy and may act it out again to achieve it to there own satisfaction. CHARACTERISTICS OF A SERIAL KILLER: 1. Killings are separate ('serial'), occurring with greater or less frequency, often escalating over a period of time, sometimes years, and will continue until the killer is taken into custody, dies, or is himself/herself killed. 2. In common with normal homicides, killing tends to be one on one. There are instances however where a serial killer has struck down more than one victim in a single incident. 3. There is no (or very little) previous connection between the perpetrator and the victim; the persons involved rarely being related. 4. Although there may be a 'pattern' or 'victim trait', individual murders within a series rarely display a clearly defined or rational motive. 5. An increasingly greater spatial mobility (since the advent of the automobile) has enabled killers (if they wish) to move rapidly from one place to another, often before a murder has even been discovered. 6. There is usually a high degree of redundant violence, or an 'overkill', where the victim is subjected to a disproportionate level of brutality. MOTIVES: These are the motives a serial killer might display (some killers display various motives): Visionaries - Acts in response to voices and is instructed by these voices to perform the act of murder. These killers are usually schizophrenic and psychotic. Missionaries - They think it is their responsibility to rid society of unwanted elements. Hedonists - Kill because murder causes them pleasure. Lust Killers - Kill for sexual gratification with acts that are usually sadistic. Thrill Killers - Kill because of a desire for a thrill or experience. Gain Killers - Kill for personal gain. The killer premeditates the act to require financial gain or materialistic goods. While gain is not the main motive in a murder some serial killers have took the opportunity to steal from their victims for their own personal gain. Power Seekers - Kill for the desire to have control over the life and death of others. Mobility: These are the classifications for the stable killer and the transient killer: The Stable Killer (eg. Gacy, Dahmer) - Lives and works in one location for an extended period. Hunts

There isnt Much Time

There isnt Much Time This is a "reflection" type of essay. Needs better proof-read, and some awk sentances need to rephrase.There isn't Much TimeIt is Monday morning and I have slept in, thanks to Thanksgiving. In fact, it's twelve o'clock and I am free for the afternoon. As usual, I sit in front of the . television after I clean myself up, staring endlessly at the screen with my finger clicking on the remote. I realize that I have a draft due on Thursday, but I justify my procrastination with reasons like: "there is still lots of time."Life is faster now, and people in the 90's are supposed to organize and plan in order to keep up; however, it seems to me that more people are procrastinating than ever before. When I ask people why they procrastinate, they often supply reasons like: this task won't take me a long time; the pressure makes me to work more efficiently; there were emergencies; and there were other important things.2013 Asia Pacific Cities Summit - media scrum with...Some of these reasons sou nds legitimate, but I think these reasons are just excuses for people's fear of failure, fear of lost security, and need for pressure.Back high school, I had a friend, Eric, who dropped out of school because of bad grades. As his friend, I knew he was doing fine until the period of final exams. He was a smart and responsible person which laziness is not a factor of his bad grades. Eric could not pick up the books soon enough before the exam because he was afraid of failure. Since Eric's older brothers had achieved excellence academic records and great careers, Eric' parents expected him to follow his brothers' foot step. As the result, Eric was afraid to try because he feared to fail his parents' expectation. When...

Dr Harold Shipman Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Dr Harold Shipman - Essay Example According to the study this habit of keeping to himself was copied from the mother who was known as Vera. Shipman was a comparatively bright student in school but turned out to be mediocre in his upper level in school. On January 2000, he was found guilty of murder and sentenced to life imprisonment. He died after hanging himself in prison in 2004. His father was a lorry driver and his mother was a house wife. He was a very good rugby player. The mother’s death from lung cancer had very devastating effects on the psyche of Harold. He met his wife at the university in Leeds where he was studying medicine. After completing his medical studies, he was employed at Rochdale Canal Commission and later joined Todmorden. It was while here that his signs of criminal behavior began to be noticed. He begun having blackouts that were at early stages linked to epilepsy. However, it was later discovered that the fits were caused by a drug called pethidine. He was administering this drug to the patients. He was also later accused of forgery. The news of his crimes was made public in 1998. From this paper it is clear that psychological explanations of crime are basically a reflection of very many ranges of perspectives in psychology.It is mainly pegged on individual differences. However, crime can occur in a social context therefore factors like ethnicity, gender as well as other dynamics can be ignored. The contribution of psychology is therefore very important in broadening our understanding of crimes and criminals. Earlier theories explaining criminal behavior explain criminal behavior to be as a result of defects existing in an individual. These defects are often viewed as either biological as well as psychological in nature. These defects are responsible for separating the criminal from the being a law abiding citizen.  

Women rights in Saudi Arabia Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Women rights in Saudi Arabia - Research Paper Example In this case it spells out that countries which have ratified the international conventions should take special measures and ensure that their governments take strict measures on the main actors who interfere with the rights of the women. Women bring a lot of contributions in the economy of the country in this case their participation in the development arena will only be enhanced if their rights are protected. Saudi Arabia is one country on focus when it comes to women rights. As an Arab country, women have been subjected to inhuman treatment. The government strictly abides by the strict Islamic laws which have continued to suppress women and placed them in subordinate positions. Despite the country ratification of the convention against torture, their still continues to be high cases of torture experienced by the minorities of which women fall under this category. In Saudi Arabia, women have been subjected to inhuman treatment in several ways. Women in Saudi Arabia are not given th e same preferential treatment as that of men. For instance, women in Saudi Arabia are not allowed to drive freely as men do. ... King Abdullah once quoted that by the year 2015 women would be allowed to participate in the elections process which is yet to be realized. With these attempts women in Saudi have continued to form organizations so as to address the issue of voting. In 2005 at a municipal elections women attempted to vote but it was established that majority of these women did not have identity cards. In this case the process of involving women to take part in elections has a long way to go for it to be realized (Macfarquhar, 2011). Submission is one important aspect of a Saudi woman, women seen as minors who are supposed to submit themselves to their husbands. According to their custom, a male figure has more authority as compared to the females. In this case the females tend to seek for permission from their husbands before engaging in any activity. In the field of education they have to seek permission first before making a decision to attend schooling. Women in Arabia are also not allowed to trav el outside the country without the consent of their husbands. Currently the country introduced a cellphone monitoring system to monitor the movements of women this was put in an attempt to alert men in case their wives attempt to leave the country without their permission. Justice that is administered to children and women in South Arabia is very severe, women and children are normally subjected to detention without trial and they are not informed of the crimes that they have committed. In detention, the women are tortured and majority of them have been killed as a consequence. The penal codes for criminal activities do not consider the biological make up of an individual before administering the punishment. Physical and sexual harassment has raised alerts among the South Arabia women

Approaches to obesity: Behavioural measures

Approaches to obesity: Behavioural measures Issue for reflection: Can obesity be controlled through behavioral measures? Content brief description One of the global concern that we are facing now is obesity, not only has it increase, the prevalence rate has also doubled since 1980 (Anderson, Quinn Glanz et al., 2009). Behavioral theories suggest the increase in obesity is link with decrease physical activity and unhealthy dietary behavior and thereby altering our behavior would help to decrease risk of obesity (Heather, 2004). However, despite enormous research and interventions, the prevalence rates are still on the climb. Thus, casting doubts on behavioral approaches. This paper shall reflect on the issues on controlling obesity and practical implication in workplace setting. (99 words) Inter-relationship between theory, research and practice Theory and research In the basis of behavioural approaches, it is assumed that there is two main reasons that results in obesity epidemic, firstly, there is an imbalance in energy intake (excess) and energy output (inadequate). Secondly, these actions that contributed to the energy imbalance are learned behaviour (Jeffery et al., 2000). For example, we observe the purchase of fast food from others or advertisement, it increases our chances of buying it. If it was a learned behaviour then in order to decrease obesity rates, we should be able to acquire new behaviour to make better decisions that promote our health and well-being. It is also argued that when we engage in physical activity we are using our energy from food, however, the improvements in transportation and technological advancement has greatly reduce our level of physical activity, accounting at least 30% of the worldwide population and half of the adults in United States did not meet the recommended level of physical activity (CDC, 2007;WHO, 2009). Studies have collected epidemiological data that compared activity levels and found two associated variables with increasing trend namely, car ownership, and time spend in television viewing with obesity (Prentice Jebb, 1995). Other than the drop in energy output, it can be seen that our energy intake has increased significantly together with obesity rates. Studies show that calorie intake of food increased from of 335 calories per day for females and 168 calories for males from 1971 to 2004 (Wright et al., 2004). Moreover, within this time frame it was the bloom of economics for processed food accompanied by the increase portion size and fast-food trends, which leads to excess calorie intake, resulting in rapid weight gain (Rolls, 2007). Thus, the extra calories input might be from food choices that consist of high energy density. Practice As of workplace environment, these research has helped in developing behavioural modification program in treating obesity. Reports show that companies that adopted obesity interventions have significant improvements for the employees, and also helped the employers in decreasing absenteeism rate, job stress experience, workplace injuries and increase in work productivity in workers (Jensen, 2011; Mhurchu, Aston Jebb, 2010). These health outcomes has been revealed to be commonly experienced with obese workers (Bungum et al., 2003; Nishitani Sakakibara, 2005; Poston et al., 2011). These behavioural programs often includes the combination of self-monitoring measures such as monitoring dietary intake (e.g. diary), cues and encouragement for appropriate behaviour (e.g. extrinsic incentives) (Stuart Davis, 1972), group exercise and providing healthy meal options, as well as, equipping workers with nutritional knowledge. Moreover, employees who had adhere to the program has considerably increase their daily intake of fruits and vegetables, and reduce their fat intake from food, along with improvements in mental and physical health (Maes, Cauwenberghe Lippevelde, 2012; Hutchinson, 2011). Therefore, with a better health profile, it could help in issue of absenteeism, productivity and benefited both employers and employees. (486 words) Personal reflection For: Behavioural theories could help in controlling Obesity The Contribution of extensive research Firstly, research on behavioural approaches could aid in implementation of interventions and modification of existed programs in the workplace environment. Perhaps, we could develop a framework that identify the contributing factors of obesity in the workplace setting. Then, analysing the trend between the contributing factors and workers through survey data and using statistical methods to samples different groups (e.g. normal weight, overweight and obese employees). Next, we could design the program making sure to modify the contributing work system parameters (e.g. providing healthy food options) to create behavioural changes (e.g. ordering healthy meal) that could improve health conditions. Most employers and employees acknowledge the impact of obesity Secondly, studies have found that both employers and employees has consider weight management program at work settings to be appropriate and effective in controlling obesity (Gabel et al., 2009). These shows that employers might be concern about the rising medical cost, expenses incurred due to the loss of productivity and an increase in work injuries. Employers understand the impact of obesity that imply health cost towards employees and indirectly affecting the company as well, as such they are more willing to provide cooperate health benefits to reduce obesity. However, the employees must also have personal responsibility and discipline to attend the welfares provided. Thus, when both parties work together the chances of reducing obesity would be possible in workplace. Against: Behavioural theories does not help in controlling Obesity Obesity is genetically inherited Firstly, in contrast to the behavioural theories, researchers have also investigate the genetic approaches towards obesity epidemic. Studies have explored the chances of inheriting obesity by looking at samples of first-degree relatives, which indicated moderate association (0.20 to 0.30). In addition, they looked into samples of monozygotic twins, which results in a higher heritability rate (0.60 to 0.70), indicating that genetics have contributed approximately 25% to 40% of the variance in BMI (Price, 2002). Furthermore, early research has also discovered that the distribution of fat in body parts and individual’s metabolic rate are also genetically predisposed (Levine, Eberhardt Jensen, 1999). This might support the notion that obesity could not be reduce. The complexity of contributing factors to obesity Secondly, with the vast variety of potential factors that could contribute to obesity, it would be challenging to target all factors. Workplace influencers include, high job demand, insufficient sleep, lack of physical activity, stress, low job control (Parhizi, Pasupathy Steege, 2012). Likewise, while considering the workplace effects, there are additional domain such as individual difference, psychosocial factors and genetics factors that could cause further complexity to provide solution to reduce obesity rate. Additionally, there may be multiple association between factors creating the difficulties in providing optimal levels of treatment for each individual. Inconsistent interventions results Thirdly, considering most of the research being done has a significant outcome improvement in health related issues (Hutchinson, 2012). Nonetheless, when evaluating the results of interventions that included promotion of physical activity and nutritional programs in accordance to the obesity measures of BMI, fat percentage and body weight, there were inconclusive evidence of the efficacy of reduction in these areas (Vuillemin, 2011). Similarly, such studies does not identify which of the interventions are effective for specific types of employee population. For example, is there a need for two different programs for office-based workers and retail-based workers? Additionally, most of the programs does not measure its long-term effects on weight maintenance which could provide overestimation of the positive outcomes from intervention and employees might actually gained weight in the long run. Thus, the inconsistency and methodological flaws of these studies might have an impact on its efficacy level. Conclusion Obesity is drawing massive attention and growing as a health problem that consisted undesirable consequences on individual’s health measures such as heart diseases, diabetes and cancers. To add on, obesity also greatly influences our workplace productivity, absenteeism, work injuries and job stress. These not only have negative effects on individual level but also pressures the employers with rising healthcare cost and expenses incurred from obese employees. As a result, vast majority of studies has examine the cause of obesity, in which, the most common approach was applying behavioural modification methods such as increasing physical activity and changing dietary intake. Yet, with great effort being place in weight management programs, obesity rate is still up-trending. This provides doubts and challenge to conventional methods in combating obesity. Such that, explanation of genetics, complexity of the contributing factors, flaws and inconsistent results of interventions from studies have come to doubt the effectiveness of these methods. Final Word Overall, obesity is a health problem that has variety of contribution factors that are complex and there is no definite model or program that cater to majority of the obese community. Nevertheless, it might be possible to be able to start from the workplace setting of individual and creating little changes that hopefully decrease obesity rate overtime. (818 words) References Anderson LM, Quinn TA, Glanz K et al. (2009). The effectiveness of worksite nutrition and physical activity interventions for controlling employee overweight and obesity: a systematic review. Am J Prev Med. 37:340.C357. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2007). Prevalence of regular physical activity among adults. United States. MMWR 56:1209.C1212 Gabel, Jon R, Whitmore, Heidi,Pickreign, Jeremy Pickreign, Ferguson, Christine C, Anjall Jain, Hilary Scherer. (2009). Obesity and the Workplace: Current Programs and Attitudes among Employers and Employees. Health Affairs. 28, 1. ProQuest pp. 46 Heather O. Chambliss. Behavioral Approaches to Obesity Treatment. (2004) QUEST, 56. pp.142-149 Hutchinson AD, Wilson C. (2012). Improving nutrition and physical activity in the workplace: a meta-analysis of intervention studies. Health Promotion Inter 27:238Â ¨C249. Hutchinson AD, Wilson C.(2012).Improving nutrition and physical activity in the workplace: a meta-analysis of intervention studies. Health Promot Int 27:238Â ¨C249. Jensen JD. (2011). Can worksite nutritional interventions improve productivity and firm profitability? A literature review. Perspect Public Health 131:184Â ¨C192. Levine, J. A., Eberhardt, N. L., Jensen, M. D. (1999). Role of non-exercise activity thermogenesis in resistance to fat gain in humans. Science, 283, 212Â ¨C214. Maes L, Van Cauwenberghe E, Van Lippevelde W et al..(2012).Effectiveness of workplace interventions in Europe promoting healthy eating: a systematic review. Eur J Public Health 22:677Â ¨C683. Ni Mhurchu C, Aston LM, Jebb SA. (2010). Effects of worksite health promotion interventions on employee diets: a systematic review. BMC Public Health 10:62. Price RA. (2002). Genetics and common obesities: Background, current status, strategies, and future prospects. Wadden TA,Stunkard AJ (eds) Handbook of obesity treatment. New York: The Guilford Press Rolls BJ. (2003). The Supersizing of America: portion size and the obesity epidemic. Nutr Today 38(2):42Â ¨C53 World Health Organization. (2009). WHO | Physical Inactivity: A Global Public Health Problem. Wright JD, Kennedy-Stephenson J, Wang CY, McDowell MA, Johnson CL. (2004). Trends in intake of energy and macronutrients. United States, 1971Â ¨C2000. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 53 (4): 80Â ¨C2. PMID 14762332 Vuillemin A, Rostami C, Maes L et al.. (2011). Worksite physical activity interventions and obesity: a review of European studies (the HOPE project). Obes Facts,4:479Â ¨C488.

Suburbanization and the Social Use of Television :: Television Media TV Essays

Suburbanization and the Social Use of Television The 1950s can be seen as a time of unprecedented family values, in which young, white, middle-income nuclear families arrived en masse in the pre-planned community living areas of suburbia. In the article "Joyride", Kunstler identifies the reasons for, and attraction of, a grand public relocation to previously uninhabited areas outside main city centres. Kunstler argues that it was, in part, the replacement of the streetcar (or trolley), and later the automobile, from the horse-powered transit of earlier 20th century life, that ignited weekend traffic to expand outside urban centres. "Joyriding" on weekends, as Kunstler explains, made suburban areas more accessible and attractive. Suburban areas often hosted various family attractions (such as amusement parks) in which families could experience safe, clean entertainment while being removed from the chaos of the city. Two factors encouraged this "weekending" family behaviour: (1) with the introduction of the electric trolley, passengers could travel any distance at a flat rate cheaper than old horse-drawn methods; and (2) automobiles were greatly subsidized after their initial introduction, thus promoting the number of middle-class car owners. Both these factors brought large-scale transit outside of the city, making the suburbs more accessible and demanding the development of suburban communities. This major development, as described in Lynn Spiegel's article "The Suburban Home Companion", was largely driven by the concept of suburbia as a safe, clean environment (free from "undesirables" such as blacks and lower-income families) in which families could experience both an increased private and community life. This separation, Spiegel says, is what opened the opportunity for TV success. As nuclear suburban families desired to experience the "outside" world (including travel, unusual voyages etc.), they were also trapped in a homogenous communities where life was mundane, and immense pressure was put on each family in these "fair tale" towns to keep up with, and out-do, next door neighbours, and produce a consistently stable and satisfied appearance. As this suburban sprawl of the fifties took America by storm, Spiegel discusses how television provided a necessary means of escapism for frustrated families. The first television show, broadcast in 1949, was a very simple program in which a man and woman sit watching and discussing the TV. Although by today's standards this would be seen as unsurpassingly boring to audiences, this simple show provided a stress relief and easy entertainment; it seemed as though audiences enjoyed watching programs which, similar to their own situation, seemed more rewarding.

The Four Essential Elements of Teams

In this age of rapidly changing technology, market-driven decision making, customer sophistication, and employee restlessness, leaders and managers are faced with new challenges. Organizations must build new structures and master new skills in order to compete and survive. As work settings become more complex and involve increased numbers of interpersonal interactions, individual effort has less impact. In order to increase efficiency and effectiveness, a group effort is required. The creation of teams has become a key strategy in many organizations. Team building is an essential element in supporting and improving the effectiveness of small groups and task forces and must be a key part of a total program of organizational change. Hellriegel, Slocum, & Woodman (1986) state that team building is used to improve the effectiveness of work groups by focusing on any of the following four purposes: setting goals and priorities, deciding on means an methods, examining the way in which the group works, and exploring the quality of working relationships. A cycle then develops; it begins with the awareness or perception of a problem and is followed sequentially by data collection, data sharing diagnosis, action planning, action implementation, and behavioral evaluation. This style is repeated as new problems are identified. Not all work groups are teams. Reilly and Jones (1974) list four essential elements of teams: goals, interdependence, commitment, and accountability. The members must have mutual goals or a reason to work together; there must be an interdependent working relationship; individuals must be committed to the group effort; and the group must be accountable to a higher level within the organization. A good example is an athletic team, whose members share goals and an overall purpose. Individual players have specific assignments they are responsible for, but each depends on the other team members to complete their assignments. Lack of commitment to the team effort reduces overall effectiveness. Finally, the team usually operates within the framework of a higher organization such a league. The overall objective of a work team is to exercise control over organizational change (functionally, this involves increased decision-making and problem-solving efforts), although a side effect may be to increase the productivity of individual members. A primary objective of team building is to increase awareness of group process. In essence, the group members will learn how to control change externally by experimenting internally. The team-building effort will concentrate on barriers to effective functioning and the selection of strategies to overcome these barriers. Organizational failures often are not a result of poor leadership but of poor followership. Few training programs teach how to be an effective member of a democratic group. A team member is one of a group of mutual followers. Observation of individuals functioning within teams leads to the following list of characteristics of an effect team member. Such a person: Understands and is committed to group goals; Is friendly, concerned, and interested in others; Acknowledges and confronts conflict openly; Listens to others with understanding; Includes others in the decision-making process; Recognizes and respects individual differences; Contributes ideas and solutions; Values the ideas and contributions of others; Recognizes and rewards team efforts; and Encourages and appreciates comments about team performance. These characteristics are in sequential pattern, alternating task and relationship behaviors. This pattern of behaviors is the starting point for the development of effective team building. Team Building is a planned change intervention that focuses on the dynamics of a team†s functioning. The purpose of team building is to improve the team†s capacity to adapt, allow members to function at their most productive resourceful levels, and to achieve the teams goals. In developing teams there are four different stages that must be fully accomplished in order to reach its mission through achieving higher quality in the workplace. These stages in sequence are: Forming, Storming, Norming, and Performing. The first three stages of team development must be completed in order to achieve stage four. In each stage there are distinct behaviors, feelings and questions which team members can experience. In stage one, Forming, personal relations are peculiar by strength. Team members depend on considerate and imitated behavior and look to the team leader for standpoint and guidance. The conjoint or mutual feelings that are used in forming are: Excitement, expectancy, and uniformed optimism. Happy to be selected as being part of the team. Showing conditional attachment to the team. Having doubts, concerns and uncertainty about the job or the task ahead. The team members also have questions and remarks that they expect to be answered by team developers, they are: â€Å"Who are all these people?† â€Å"Everyone is being so polite.† â€Å"This might be kind of exciting.† An effective and efficient behavior is expected from the team leader. A leader should answer all the questions the team members have. A leader should also guide them through each step and verify the expected need of each member. A team will be formed efficiently. All of the teams ideas and goals will have a positive effect in the organization. The second stage, Norming, is characterized by cohesion within the team. Team members recognize each other†s positions and benefits and are willing to change their preconceived ideas to achieve common consent. The common feelings that are used in Norming are: Team members have the ability to communicate without being afraid of retaliation. Team members accept their membership to the team. Feeling comfort that certain things will go the way they were planned. Team members are friendlier and they share more revealing feelings with each other. The questions and comments that are stated in Norming are: â€Å"How are we going to get along with each other?† â€Å"What are the rules of membership?† â€Å"Seems like we are all on the same track finally.† â€Å"We seem to be operating more unified, and we try to avoid conflict, when possible.† In Norming, the team members finally put the fear of failure behind them. They are willing to work out any conflict that may occur. Positive and negative feedback becomes more accepting within the team. As feedback increase, members have a better understanding of where they stand and become more involved in decision making.

Oxidation Number - Chemistry Glossary Definition

Oxidation Number Definition:atomcoordination compoundligandsthe oxidation numberoxidation state The oxidation number is represented by a Roman numeral. The plus sign is omitted for positive oxidation numbers. The oxidation number is seen as a superscript to the right of an element symbol (e.g., FeIII) or in parentheses after the element name [e.g., Fe(III)] usually with no space between the element name and the parentheses.